adds missing vector crypto functions to interp template

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ include(flink)
 find_package(elfio QUIET)
 find_package(jsoncpp)
 find_package(Boost COMPONENTS coroutine REQUIRED)
-find_package(absl REQUIRED)
 
 add_subdirectory(softfloat)
 
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ if(NOT(DBT_CORE_DEFS STREQUAL DBT_CORE_DEFS-NOTFOUND))
     target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} INTERFACE ${DBT_CORE_DEFS})
 endif()
 
-target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC elfio::elfio softfloat scc-util Boost::coroutine abseil::abseil)
+target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC elfio::elfio softfloat scc-util Boost::coroutine)
 
 if(TARGET yaml-cpp::yaml-cpp)
     target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC WITH_PLUGINS)

gen_input/templates/interp/CORENAME.cpp.gtl

@@ -962,6 +962,74 @@ if(vector != null) {%>
                 throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported sew bit value");
         }
     }
+    void vector_unary_op(uint8_t* V, uint8_t unary_op, uint64_t vl, uint64_t vstart, softvector::vtype_t vtype, bool vm, uint8_t vd, uint8_t vs2, uint8_t sew_val){
+        switch(sew_val){
+            case 0b000:
+                return softvector::vector_unary_op<${vlen}, uint8_t>(V, unary_op, vl, vstart, vtype, vm, vd, vs2);
+            case 0b001:
+                return softvector::vector_unary_op<${vlen}, uint16_t>(V, unary_op, vl, vstart, vtype, vm, vd, vs2);
+            case 0b010:
+                return softvector::vector_unary_op<${vlen}, uint32_t>(V, unary_op, vl, vstart, vtype, vm, vd, vs2);
+            case 0b011:
+                return softvector::vector_unary_op<${vlen}, uint64_t>(V, unary_op, vl, vstart, vtype, vm, vd, vs2);
+            default: 
+                throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported sew_val");
+        }
+    }
+    void vector_vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, uint8_t funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, softvector::vtype_t vtype, uint8_t vd, uint8_t vs2, uint8_t vs1, uint8_t egs){
+        switch(egs){
+            case 4:
+                return softvector::vector_vector_crypto<${vlen}, 4>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+            case 8:
+                return softvector::vector_vector_crypto<${vlen}, 8>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+            default: 
+                throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported egs");
+        } 
+    }
+    void vector_scalar_crypto(uint8_t* V, uint8_t funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, softvector::vtype_t vtype, uint8_t vd, uint8_t vs2, uint8_t vs1, uint8_t egs){
+        switch(egs){
+            case 4:
+                return softvector::vector_scalar_crypto<${vlen}, 4>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+            case 8:
+                return softvector::vector_scalar_crypto<${vlen}, 8>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+            default: 
+                throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported egs");
+        } 
+    }
+    void vector_imm_crypto(uint8_t* V, uint8_t funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, softvector::vtype_t vtype, uint8_t vd, uint8_t vs2, uint8_t imm, uint8_t egs){
+        switch(egs){
+            case 4:
+                return softvector::vector_imm_crypto<${vlen}, 4>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, imm);
+            case 8:
+                return softvector::vector_imm_crypto<${vlen}, 8>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, imm);
+            default: 
+                throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported egs");
+        } 
+    }
+    void vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, uint8_t funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, softvector::vtype_t vtype, uint8_t vd, uint8_t vs2, uint8_t vs1, uint8_t egs, uint8_t sew){
+        switch(egs){
+            case 4:
+                switch(sew){
+                    case 32:
+                        return softvector::vector_crypto<${vlen}, 4, uint32_t>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+                    case 64:
+                        return softvector::vector_crypto<${vlen}, 4, uint64_t>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+                    default: 
+                        throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported sew");
+                }
+            case 8:
+                switch(sew){
+                    case 32:
+                        return softvector::vector_crypto<${vlen}, 8, uint32_t>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+                    case 64:
+                        return softvector::vector_crypto<${vlen}, 8, uint64_t>(V, funct6, eg_len, eg_start, vtype, vd, vs2, vs1);
+                    default: 
+                        throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported sew");
+                }            
+            default: 
+                throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported egs");
+        } 
+    }
 <%}%>
     uint64_t fetch_count{0};
     uint64_t tval{0};

src/iss/arch/riscv_hart_common.h

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 
 #include "mstatus.h"
 #include "util/delegate.h"
-#include <absl/container/flat_hash_map.h>
 #include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <elfio/elfio.hpp>
@@ -231,11 +230,6 @@ public:
     trap_load_access_fault(uint64_t badaddr)
     : trap_access(5 << 16, badaddr) {}
 };
-class illegal_instruction_fault : public trap_access {
-public:
-    illegal_instruction_fault(uint64_t badaddr)
-    : trap_access(2 << 16, badaddr) {}
-};
 class trap_instruction_page_fault : public trap_access {
 public:
     trap_instruction_page_fault(uint64_t badaddr)
@@ -260,8 +254,8 @@ template <typename WORD_TYPE> struct priv_if {
     std::function<iss::status(unsigned, WORD_TYPE)> write_csr;
     std::function<iss::status(uint8_t const*)> exec_htif;
     std::function<void(uint16_t, uint16_t, WORD_TYPE)> raise_trap; // trap_id, cause, fault_data
-    absl::flat_hash_map<unsigned, rd_csr_f>& csr_rd_cb;
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, rd_csr_f>& csr_rd_cb;
-    absl::flat_hash_map<unsigned, wr_csr_f>& csr_wr_cb;
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, wr_csr_f>& csr_wr_cb;
     hart_state<WORD_TYPE>& state;
     uint8_t& PRIV;
     WORD_TYPE& PC;
@@ -524,10 +518,10 @@ template <typename BASE, typename LOGCAT = logging::disass> struct riscv_hart_co
             return iss::Err;
         auto req_priv_lvl = (addr >> 8) & 0x3;
         if(this->reg.PRIV < req_priv_lvl) // not having required privileges
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         auto it = csr_rd_cb.find(addr);
         if(it == csr_rd_cb.end() || !it->second) // non existent register
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         return it->second(addr, val);
     }
 
@@ -536,12 +530,12 @@ template <typename BASE, typename LOGCAT = logging::disass> struct riscv_hart_co
             return iss::Err;
         auto req_priv_lvl = (addr >> 8) & 0x3;
         if(this->reg.PRIV < req_priv_lvl) // not having required privileges
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         if((addr & 0xc00) == 0xc00) // writing to read-only region
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         auto it = csr_wr_cb.find(addr);
         if(it == csr_wr_cb.end() || !it->second) // non existent register
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         return it->second(addr, val);
     }
 
@@ -638,7 +632,7 @@ template <typename BASE, typename LOGCAT = logging::disass> struct riscv_hart_co
 
     iss::status write_dcsr(unsigned addr, reg_t val) {
         if(!debug_mode_active())
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         //                  +-------------- ebreakm
         //                  |   +---------- stepi
         //                  |   |  +++----- cause
@@ -649,28 +643,28 @@ template <typename BASE, typename LOGCAT = logging::disass> struct riscv_hart_co
 
     iss::status read_debug(unsigned addr, reg_t& val) {
         if(!debug_mode_active())
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         val = csr[addr];
         return iss::Ok;
     }
 
     iss::status write_dscratch(unsigned addr, reg_t val) {
         if(!debug_mode_active())
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         csr[addr] = val;
         return iss::Ok;
     }
 
     iss::status read_dpc(unsigned addr, reg_t& val) {
         if(!debug_mode_active())
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         val = this->reg.DPC;
         return iss::Ok;
     }
 
     iss::status write_dpc(unsigned addr, reg_t val) {
         if(!debug_mode_active())
-            throw illegal_instruction_fault(this->fault_data);
+            return iss::Err;
         this->reg.DPC = val;
         return iss::Ok;
     }
@@ -776,7 +770,7 @@ template <typename BASE, typename LOGCAT = logging::disass> struct riscv_hart_co
                                       this->fault_data = fault_data;
                                   },
                               .csr_rd_cb{this->csr_rd_cb},
-                              .csr_wr_cb{this->csr_wr_cb},
+                              .csr_wr_cb{csr_wr_cb},
                               .state{this->state},
                               .PRIV{this->reg.PRIV},
                               .PC{this->reg.PC},
@@ -890,12 +884,11 @@ protected:
 
     instrumentation_if* get_instrumentation_if() override { return &instr_if; };
 
-    using csr_type = util::sparse_array<typename traits<BASE>::reg_t, 1ULL << 12, 12>;
+    using csr_type = std::array<typename traits<BASE>::reg_t, 1ULL << 12>;
-    using csr_page_type = typename csr_type::page_type;
     csr_type csr;
 
-    absl::flat_hash_map<unsigned, rd_csr_f> csr_rd_cb;
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, rd_csr_f> csr_rd_cb;
-    absl::flat_hash_map<unsigned, wr_csr_f> csr_wr_cb;
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, wr_csr_f> csr_wr_cb;
 
     reg_t mhartid_reg{0x0};
     uint64_t mcycle_csr{0};

src/iss/arch/riscv_hart_m_p.h

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ protected:
 
     hart_state<reg_t> state;
 
-    absl::flat_hash_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
+    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
 
     iss::status read_status(unsigned addr, reg_t& val);
     iss::status write_status(unsigned addr, reg_t val);

src/iss/arch/riscv_hart_msu_vp.h

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@
 #ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 #define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 #endif
-#include <fmt/format.h>
 #include <iss/mem/memory_with_htif.h>
 #include <iss/mem/mmu.h>
+#include <fmt/format.h>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ protected:
 
     hart_state<reg_t> state;
 
-    absl::flat_hash_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
+    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
 
     iss::status read_status(unsigned addr, reg_t& val);
     iss::status write_status(unsigned addr, reg_t val);

src/iss/arch/riscv_hart_mu_p.h

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ protected:
 
     hart_state<reg_t> state;
 
-    absl::flat_hash_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
+    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, uint8_t> atomic_reservation;
 
     iss::status read_status(unsigned addr, reg_t& val);
     iss::status write_status(unsigned addr, reg_t val);

src/iss/debugger/riscv_target_adapter.h

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
 #include <iss/iss.h>
 
 #include <array>
-#include <memory>
 #ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 #define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 #endif

src/iss/mem/mmu.h

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
  *       eyck@minres.com - initial implementation
  ******************************************************************************/
 
+#include "memory_if.h"
 #include "iss/arch/riscv_hart_common.h"
 #include "iss/vm_types.h"
-#include "memory_if.h"
 #include <util/logging.h>
 
 namespace iss {
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ private:
 
 protected:
     reg_t satp;
-    absl::flat_hash_map<reg_t, uint64_t> ptw;
+    std::unordered_map<reg_t, uint64_t> ptw;
     std::array<vm_info, 2> vmt;
     std::array<address_type, 4> addr_mode;
 

src/iss/semihosting/semihosting.cpp

@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ template <typename T> void semihosting_callback<T>::operator()(iss::arch_if* arc
         T cmd_addr = sh_read_field<T>(arch_if_ptr, *parameter);
         T cmd_len = sh_read_field<T>(arch_if_ptr, (*parameter) + 1);
         std::string cmd = sh_read_string<T>(arch_if_ptr, cmd_addr, cmd_len);
-        system(cmd.c_str());
+        auto val = system(cmd.c_str());
         break;
     }
     case semihosting_syscalls::SYS_TICKFREQ: {

src/sysc/core_complex.cpp

@@ -45,11 +45,10 @@
 #include <scc/report.h>
 #include <util/ities.h>
 #include <iostream>
-#include <sstream>
 #include <array>
-#include <numeric>
 #include <iss/plugin/cycle_estimate.h>
 #include <iss/plugin/instruction_count.h>
+#include <util/ities.h>
 
 // clang-format on
 
@@ -267,7 +266,10 @@ template <unsigned int BUSWIDTH> void core_complex<BUSWIDTH>::before_end_of_elab
     cpu = new core_wrapper(this);
     cpu->create_cpu(GET_PROP_VALUE(core_type), GET_PROP_VALUE(backend), GET_PROP_VALUE(gdb_server_port), GET_PROP_VALUE(mhartid));
     sc_assert(cpu->vm != nullptr);
-    cpu->vm->setDisassEnabled(GET_PROP_VALUE(enable_disass) || trc->m_db != nullptr);
+    auto disass = GET_PROP_VALUE(enable_disass);
+    if(disass && trc->m_db)
+        SCCINFO(SCMOD) << "Disasssembly will only be in transaction trace database!";
+    cpu->vm->setDisassEnabled(disass || trc->m_db != nullptr);
     if(GET_PROP_VALUE(plugins).length()) {
         auto p = util::split(GET_PROP_VALUE(plugins), ';');
         for(std::string const& opt_val : p) {
@@ -305,17 +307,20 @@ template <unsigned int BUSWIDTH> void core_complex<BUSWIDTH>::before_end_of_elab
 template <unsigned int BUSWIDTH> void core_complex<BUSWIDTH>::start_of_simulation() {
     // quantum_keeper.reset();
     if(GET_PROP_VALUE(elf_file).size() > 0) {
-        istringstream is(GET_PROP_VALUE(elf_file));
+        auto file_names = util::split(GET_PROP_VALUE(elf_file), ',');
-        string s;
+        for(auto& s : file_names) {
-        while(getline(is, s, ',')) {
+            std::pair<uint64_t, bool> load_result = cpu->load_file(s);
-            std::pair<uint64_t, bool> start_addr = cpu->load_file(s);
+            if(!std::get<1>(load_result)) {
+                SCCWARN(SCMOD) << "Could not load FW file " << s;
+            } else {
 #ifndef CWR_SYSTEMC
-            if(reset_address.is_default_value() && start_addr.second == true)
+                if(reset_address.is_default_value())
-                reset_address.set_value(start_addr.first);
+                    reset_address.set_value(load_result.first);
 #else
-            if(start_addr.second == true)
+                if(start_addr.second == true)
-                reset_address = start_addr.first;
+                    reset_address = start_addr.first;
 #endif
+            }
         }
     }
     if(trc->m_db != nullptr && trc->stream_handle == nullptr) {

src/vm/interp/vm_tgc5c.cpp

@@ -38,17 +38,14 @@
 #include <iss/iss.h>
 #include <iss/interp/vm_base.h>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-#include <unordered_map>
 #include <util/logging.h>
 #include <boost/coroutine2/all.hpp>
 #include <functional>
 #include <exception>
-#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <iss/instruction_decoder.h>
-#include <absl/container/flat_hash_map.h>
+
 
 #ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
 #define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
@@ -258,11 +255,6 @@ private:
             return iss::Err;
         return iss::Ok;
     }
-
-    struct translation_buffer {
-        std::vector<std::tuple<opcode_e, uint64_t, uint32_t>> entries;
-    } tb;
-    absl::flat_hash_map<uint64_t, translation_buffer> tb_lut;
 };
 
 template <typename CODE_WORD> void debug_fn(CODE_WORD insn) {
@@ -320,8 +312,27 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
     auto& instr =  this->core.reg.instruction;
     // we fetch at max 4 byte, alignment is 2
     auto *const data = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&instr);
-    auto exec = [this, PC, NEXT_PC](opcode_e inst_id, uint64_t pc, uint32_t instr) {
+
-                // pre execution stuff
+    while(!this->core.should_stop() &&
+            !(is_icount_limit_enabled(cond) && icount >= count_limit) &&
+            !(is_fcount_limit_enabled(cond) && fetch_count >= count_limit)){
+        if(this->debugging_enabled())
+            this->tgt_adapter->check_continue(*PC);
+        pc.val=*PC;
+        if(fetch_ins(pc, data)!=iss::Ok){
+            if(this->sync_exec && PRE_SYNC) this->do_sync(PRE_SYNC, std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max());
+            process_spawn_blocks();
+            if(this->sync_exec && POST_SYNC) this->do_sync(PRE_SYNC, std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max());
+            pc.val = super::core.enter_trap(arch::traits<ARCH>::RV_CAUSE_FETCH_ACCESS<<16, pc.val, 0);
+        } else {
+            if (is_jump_to_self_enabled(cond) &&
+                    (instr == 0x0000006f || (instr&0xffff)==0xa001)) throw simulation_stopped(0); // 'J 0' or 'C.J 0'
+            uint32_t inst_index = instr_decoder.decode_instr(instr);
+            opcode_e inst_id = arch::traits<ARCH>::opcode_e::MAX_OPCODE;;
+            if(inst_index <instr_descr.size())
+                inst_id = instr_descr[inst_index].op;
+
+            // pre execution stuff
             this->core.reg.last_branch = 0;
             if(this->sync_exec && PRE_SYNC) this->do_sync(PRE_SYNC, static_cast<unsigned>(inst_id));
             try{
@@ -334,7 +345,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lui"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -361,7 +372,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#08x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "auipc"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -388,7 +399,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "jal"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -425,7 +436,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "jalr"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -463,7 +474,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "beq"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -499,7 +510,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "bne"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -535,7 +546,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "blt"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -571,7 +582,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "bge"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -607,7 +618,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "bltu"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -643,7 +654,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rs2}, {imm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "bgeu"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -679,7 +690,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lb"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -711,7 +722,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lh"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -743,7 +754,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lw"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -775,7 +786,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lbu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -807,7 +818,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "lhu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -839,7 +850,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs2}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sb"),
                             fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -867,7 +878,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs2}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sh"),
                             fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -895,7 +906,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs2}, {imm}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sw"),
                             fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("imm", imm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -923,7 +934,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "addi"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -951,7 +962,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "slti"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -979,7 +990,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sltiu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1007,7 +1018,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "xori"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1035,7 +1046,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "ori"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1063,7 +1074,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "andi"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1091,7 +1102,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {shamt}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "slli"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("shamt", shamt));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1119,7 +1130,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {shamt}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "srli"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("shamt", shamt));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1147,7 +1158,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {shamt}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "srai"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("shamt", shamt));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1175,7 +1186,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "add"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1203,7 +1214,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sub"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1231,7 +1242,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sll"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1259,7 +1270,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "slt"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1287,7 +1298,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sltu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1315,7 +1326,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "xor"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1343,7 +1354,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "srl"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1371,7 +1382,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "sra"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1399,7 +1410,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "or"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1427,7 +1438,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "and"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1457,7 +1468,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {pred}, {succ} ({fm} , {rs1}, {rd})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "fence"),
                             fmt::arg("pred", pred), fmt::arg("succ", succ), fmt::arg("fm", fm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1474,7 +1485,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "ecall";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1490,7 +1501,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "ebreak";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1506,7 +1517,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "mret";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1522,7 +1533,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "wfi";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1542,7 +1553,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {rs1}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrw"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1580,7 +1591,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {rs1}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrs"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1616,7 +1627,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {rs1}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrc"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1652,7 +1663,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {zimm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrwi"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("zimm", zimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1685,7 +1696,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {zimm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrsi"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("zimm", zimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1720,7 +1731,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {csr}, {zimm:#0x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "csrrci"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("csr", csr), fmt::arg("zimm", zimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1755,7 +1766,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {rd}, {imm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "fence_i"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -1776,7 +1787,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "mul"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1805,7 +1816,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "mulh"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1834,7 +1845,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "mulhsu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1863,7 +1874,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "mulhu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1892,7 +1903,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "div"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1933,7 +1944,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "divu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -1968,7 +1979,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "rem"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2011,7 +2022,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs1}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "remu"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2045,7 +2056,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.addi4spn"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2071,7 +2082,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {uimm:#05x}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.lw"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("uimm", uimm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2095,7 +2106,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs2}, {uimm:#05x}({rs1})", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.sw"),
                             fmt::arg("rs2", name(8+rs2)), fmt::arg("uimm", uimm), fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2117,7 +2128,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.addi"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2142,7 +2153,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "c.nop";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2159,7 +2170,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.jal"),
                             fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2181,7 +2192,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.li"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2208,7 +2219,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.lui"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2232,7 +2243,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {nzimm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.addi16sp"),
                             fmt::arg("nzimm", nzimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2255,7 +2266,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = ".reserved_clui";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2274,7 +2285,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {shamt}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.srli"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)), fmt::arg("shamt", shamt));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2294,7 +2305,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {shamt}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.srai"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)), fmt::arg("shamt", shamt));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2321,7 +2332,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.andi"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2341,7 +2352,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.sub"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(8+rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2361,7 +2372,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.xor"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(8+rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2381,7 +2392,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.or"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(8+rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2401,7 +2412,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.and"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(8+rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(8+rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2420,7 +2431,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.j"),
                             fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2440,7 +2451,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.beqz"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2463,7 +2474,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {imm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.bnez"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(8+rs1)), fmt::arg("imm", imm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2486,7 +2497,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}, {nzuimm}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.slli"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)), fmt::arg("nzuimm", nzuimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2513,7 +2524,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, sp, {uimm:#05x}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.lwsp"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("uimm", uimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2541,7 +2552,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.mv"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2567,7 +2578,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.jr"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2591,7 +2602,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = ".reserved_cmv";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2610,7 +2621,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rd}, {rs2}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.add"),
                             fmt::arg("rd", name(rd)), fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2636,7 +2647,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs1}", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.jalr"),
                             fmt::arg("rs1", name(rs1)));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2662,7 +2673,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "c.ebreak";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2681,7 +2692,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         auto mnemonic = fmt::format(
                             "{mnemonic:10} {rs2}, {uimm:#05x}(sp)", fmt::arg("mnemonic", "c.swsp"),
                             fmt::arg("rs2", name(rs2)), fmt::arg("uimm", uimm));
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     auto* X = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(this->regs_base_ptr+arch::traits<ARCH>::reg_byte_offsets[arch::traits<ARCH>::X0]);
@@ -2705,7 +2716,7 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
                         /* generate console output when executing the command */
                         //No disass specified, using instruction name
                         std::string mnemonic = "dii";
-                        this->core.disass_output(pc, mnemonic);
+                        this->core.disass_output(pc.val, mnemonic);
                     }
                     // used registers
                     // calculate next pc value
@@ -2728,54 +2739,16 @@ typename vm_base<ARCH>::virt_addr_t vm_impl<ARCH>::execute_inst(finish_cond_e co
             // if(!this->core.reg.trap_state) // update trap state if there is a pending interrupt
             //    this->core.reg.trap_state =  this->core.reg.pending_trap;
             // trap check
-            if(this->core.reg.trap_state!=0){
+            if(trap_state!=0){
                 //In case of Instruction address misaligned (cause = 0 and trapid = 0) need the targeted addr (in tval)
-                auto mcause = (this->core.reg.trap_state>>16) & 0xff; 
+                auto mcause = (trap_state>>16) & 0xff; 
-                super::core.enter_trap(this->core.reg.trap_state, pc, mcause ? instr:tval);
+                super::core.enter_trap(trap_state, pc.val, mcause ? instr:tval);
             } else {
-                this->core.reg.icount++;
+                icount++;
-                this->core.reg.instret++;
+                instret++;
             }
             *PC = *NEXT_PC;
             this->core.reg.trap_state =  this->core.reg.pending_trap;
-
-    };
-    while(!this->core.should_stop() &&
-            !(is_icount_limit_enabled(cond) && icount >= count_limit) &&
-            !(is_fcount_limit_enabled(cond) && fetch_count >= count_limit)){
-        if(this->debugging_enabled())
-            this->tgt_adapter->check_continue(*PC);
-        pc.val=*PC;
-        auto current_tb = tb_lut.find(pc.val);
-        if(current_tb==tb_lut.end()) {
-            auto res = tb_lut.insert(std::make_pair(pc.val,translation_buffer{}));
-            if(!res.second)
-                throw std::runtime_error("");
-            current_tb=res.first;
-            do {
-                if(fetch_ins(pc, data)!=iss::Ok){
-                    if(this->sync_exec && PRE_SYNC) this->do_sync(PRE_SYNC, std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max());
-                    process_spawn_blocks();
-                    if(this->sync_exec && POST_SYNC) this->do_sync(PRE_SYNC, std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max());
-                    pc.val = super::core.enter_trap(arch::traits<ARCH>::RV_CAUSE_FETCH_ACCESS<<16, pc.val, 0);
-                    break;
-                } else {
-                    if (is_jump_to_self_enabled(cond) &&
-                            (instr == 0x0000006f || (instr&0xffff)==0xa001)) throw simulation_stopped(0); // 'J 0' or 'C.J 0'
-                    uint32_t inst_index = instr_decoder.decode_instr(instr);
-                    opcode_e inst_id = arch::traits<ARCH>::opcode_e::MAX_OPCODE;;
-                    if(inst_index <instr_descr.size())
-                        inst_id = instr_descr[inst_index].op;
-                    if(is_jump_to_self_enabled(cond) &&
-                        inst_id==arch::traits<ARCH>::opcode_e::JAL && !bit_sub<7, 25>(instr) ||
-                        inst_id == arch::traits<ARCH>::opcode_e::C__J && !bit_sub<2, 11>(instr))
-                        throw simulation_stopped(0);
-                    exec(inst_id, pc.val, instr);
-                }
-            } while(this->core.reg.last_branch==0);
-        } else {
-            for(auto& e:current_tb->second.entries)
-                exec(std::get<0>(e), std::get<1>(e), std::get<2>(e));
         }
         fetch_count++;
         cycle++;

src/vm/vector_functions.cpp

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 
 #include "vector_functions.h"
 #include "iss/vm_types.h"
+#include "vm/aes_sbox.h"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstddef>
@@ -98,4 +99,309 @@ vmask_view read_vmask(uint8_t* V, uint16_t VLEN, uint16_t elem_count, uint8_t re
     assert(mask_start + elem_count / 8 <= V + VLEN * RFS / 8);
     return {mask_start, elem_count};
 }
+uint8_t xt2(uint8_t x) { return (x << 1) ^ (bit_sub<7, 1>(x) ? 27 : 0); }
+
+uint8_t xt3(uint8_t x) { return x ^ xt2(x); }
+
+uint8_t gfmul(uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {
+    return (bit_sub<0, 1>(y) ? x : 0) ^ (bit_sub<1, 1>(y) ? xt2(x) : 0) ^ (bit_sub<2, 1>(y) ? xt2(xt2(x)) : 0) ^
+           (bit_sub<3, 1>(y) ? xt2(xt2(xt2(x))) : 0);
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_mixcolumn_byte_fwd(uint8_t so) {
+    return ((uint32_t)gfmul(so, 3) << 24) | ((uint32_t)so << 16) | ((uint32_t)so << 8) | gfmul(so, 2);
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_mixcolumn_byte_inv(uint8_t so) {
+    return ((uint32_t)gfmul(so, 11) << 24) | ((uint32_t)gfmul(so, 13) << 16) | ((uint32_t)gfmul(so, 9) << 8) | gfmul(so, 14);
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_mixcolumn_fwd(uint32_t x) {
+    uint8_t s0 = bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s1 = bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s2 = bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s3 = bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t b0 = xt2(s0) ^ xt3(s1) ^ (s2) ^ (s3);
+    uint8_t b1 = (s0) ^ xt2(s1) ^ xt3(s2) ^ (s3);
+    uint8_t b2 = (s0) ^ (s1) ^ xt2(s2) ^ xt3(s3);
+    uint8_t b3 = xt3(s0) ^ (s1) ^ (s2) ^ xt2(s3);
+    return ((uint32_t)b3 << 24) | ((uint32_t)b2 << 16) | ((uint32_t)b1 << 8) | b0;
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_mixcolumn_inv(uint32_t x) {
+    uint8_t s0 = bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s1 = bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s2 = bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t s3 = bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t b0 = gfmul(s0, 14) ^ gfmul(s1, 11) ^ gfmul(s2, 13) ^ gfmul(s3, 9);
+    uint8_t b1 = gfmul(s0, 9) ^ gfmul(s1, 14) ^ gfmul(s2, 11) ^ gfmul(s3, 13);
+    uint8_t b2 = gfmul(s0, 13) ^ gfmul(s1, 9) ^ gfmul(s2, 14) ^ gfmul(s3, 11);
+    uint8_t b3 = gfmul(s0, 11) ^ gfmul(s1, 13) ^ gfmul(s2, 9) ^ gfmul(s3, 14);
+    return ((uint32_t)b3 << 24) | ((uint32_t)b2 << 16) | ((uint32_t)b1 << 8) | b0;
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_decode_rcon(uint8_t r) {
+    switch(r) {
+    case 0:
+        return 1;
+    case 1:
+        return 2;
+    case 2:
+        return 4;
+    case 3:
+        return 8;
+    case 4:
+        return 16;
+    case 5:
+        return 32;
+    case 6:
+        return 64;
+    case 7:
+        return 128;
+    case 8:
+        return 27;
+    case 9:
+        return 54;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_subword_fwd(uint32_t x) {
+    return ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x)) << 24) | ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x)) << 16) |
+           ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x)) << 8) | aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x));
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_subword_inv(uint32_t x) {
+    return ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x)) << 24) | ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x)) << 16) |
+           ((uint32_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x)) << 8) | aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x));
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_get_column(__uint128_t state, unsigned c) {
+    assert(c < 4);
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(state >> (32 * c));
+};
+
+uint64_t aes_apply_fwd_sbox_to_each_byte(uint64_t x) {
+    return ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<56, 63 - 56 + 1>(x)) << 56) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<48, 55 - 48 + 1>(x)) << 48) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<40, 47 - 40 + 1>(x)) << 40) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<32, 39 - 32 + 1>(x)) << 32) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x)) << 24) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x)) << 16) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x)) << 8) | aes_sbox_fwd(bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x));
+}
+
+uint64_t aes_apply_inv_sbox_to_each_byte(uint64_t x) {
+    return ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<56, 63 - 56 + 1>(x)) << 56) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<48, 55 - 48 + 1>(x)) << 48) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<40, 47 - 40 + 1>(x)) << 40) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<32, 39 - 32 + 1>(x)) << 32) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x)) << 24) | ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x)) << 16) |
+           ((uint64_t)aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x)) << 8) | aes_sbox_inv(bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x));
+}
+
+uint64_t aes_rv64_shiftrows_fwd(uint64_t rs2, uint64_t rs1) {
+    return ((uint64_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(rs1) << 56) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<48, 55 - 48 + 1>(rs2) << 48) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(rs2) << 40) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<32, 39 - 32 + 1>(rs1) << 32) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<56, 63 - 56 + 1>(rs2) << 24) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(rs2) << 16) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<40, 47 - 40 + 1>(rs1) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(rs1);
+}
+
+uint64_t aes_rv64_shiftrows_inv(uint64_t rs2, uint64_t rs1) {
+    return ((uint64_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(rs2) << 56) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<48, 55 - 48 + 1>(rs2) << 48) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(rs1) << 40) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<32, 39 - 32 + 1>(rs1) << 32) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<56, 63 - 56 + 1>(rs1) << 24) | ((uint64_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(rs2) << 16) |
+           ((uint64_t)bit_sub<40, 47 - 40 + 1>(rs2) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(rs1);
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_shift_rows_fwd(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t ic3 = aes_get_column(x, 3);
+    uint32_t ic2 = aes_get_column(x, 2);
+    uint32_t ic1 = aes_get_column(x, 1);
+    uint32_t ic0 = aes_get_column(x, 0);
+    uint32_t oc0 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic3) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic2) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic1) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic0);
+    uint32_t oc1 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic0) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic3) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic2) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic1);
+    uint32_t oc2 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic1) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic0) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic3) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic2);
+    uint32_t oc3 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic2) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic1) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic0) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic3);
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_shift_rows_inv(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t ic3 = aes_get_column(x, 3);
+    uint32_t ic2 = aes_get_column(x, 2);
+    uint32_t ic1 = aes_get_column(x, 1);
+    uint32_t ic0 = aes_get_column(x, 0);
+    uint32_t oc0 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic1) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic2) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic3) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic0);
+    uint32_t oc1 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic2) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic3) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic0) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic1);
+    uint32_t oc2 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic3) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic0) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic1) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic2);
+    uint32_t oc3 = ((uint32_t)bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(ic0) << 24) | ((uint32_t)bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(ic1) << 16) |
+                   ((uint32_t)bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(ic2) << 8) | bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(ic3);
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_subbytes_fwd(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t oc0 = aes_subword_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 0));
+    uint32_t oc1 = aes_subword_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 1));
+    uint32_t oc2 = aes_subword_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 2));
+    uint32_t oc3 = aes_subword_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 3));
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_subbytes_inv(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t oc0 = aes_subword_inv(aes_get_column(x, 0));
+    uint32_t oc1 = aes_subword_inv(aes_get_column(x, 1));
+    uint32_t oc2 = aes_subword_inv(aes_get_column(x, 2));
+    uint32_t oc3 = aes_subword_inv(aes_get_column(x, 3));
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_mixcolumns_fwd(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t oc0 = aes_mixcolumn_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 0));
+    uint32_t oc1 = aes_mixcolumn_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 1));
+    uint32_t oc2 = aes_mixcolumn_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 2));
+    uint32_t oc3 = aes_mixcolumn_fwd(aes_get_column(x, 3));
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint128_t aes_mixcolumns_inv(uint128_t x) {
+    uint32_t oc0 = aes_mixcolumn_inv(aes_get_column(x, 0));
+    uint32_t oc1 = aes_mixcolumn_inv(aes_get_column(x, 1));
+    uint32_t oc2 = aes_mixcolumn_inv(aes_get_column(x, 2));
+    uint32_t oc3 = aes_mixcolumn_inv(aes_get_column(x, 3));
+    return ((uint128_t)oc3 << 96) | ((uint128_t)oc2 << 64) | ((uint128_t)oc1 << 32) | oc0;
+}
+
+uint32_t aes_rotword(uint32_t x) {
+    uint8_t a0 = bit_sub<0, 7 - 0 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t a1 = bit_sub<8, 15 - 8 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t a2 = bit_sub<16, 23 - 16 + 1>(x);
+    uint8_t a3 = bit_sub<24, 31 - 24 + 1>(x);
+    return ((uint32_t)a0 << 24) | ((uint32_t)a3 << 16) | ((uint32_t)a2 << 8) | a1;
+}
+
+std::function<uint128_t(uint128_t, uint128_t, uint128_t)> get_crypto_funct(unsigned funct6, unsigned vs1) {
+    switch(funct6) {
+    case 0b101000: // VAES.VV
+    case 0b101001: // VAES.VS
+        switch(vs1) {
+        case 0b00000: // VAESDM
+            return [](uint128_t state, uint128_t rkey, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t sr = aes_shift_rows_inv(state);
+                uint128_t sb = aes_subbytes_inv(sr);
+                uint128_t ark = sb ^ rkey;
+                uint128_t mix = aes_mixcolumns_inv(ark);
+                return mix;
+            };
+        case 0b00001: // VAESDF
+            return [](uint128_t state, uint128_t rkey, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t sr = aes_shift_rows_inv(state);
+                uint128_t sb = aes_subbytes_inv(sr);
+                uint128_t ark = sb ^ rkey;
+                return ark;
+            };
+        case 0b00010: // VAESEM
+            return [](uint128_t state, uint128_t rkey, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t sb = aes_subbytes_fwd(state);
+                uint128_t sr = aes_shift_rows_fwd(sb);
+                uint128_t mix = aes_mixcolumns_fwd(sr);
+                uint128_t ark = mix ^ rkey;
+                return ark;
+            };
+        case 0b00011: // VAESEF
+            return [](uint128_t state, uint128_t rkey, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t sb = aes_subbytes_fwd(state);
+                uint128_t sr = aes_shift_rows_fwd(sb);
+                uint128_t ark = sr ^ rkey;
+                return ark;
+            };
+        case 0b00111: // VAESZ
+            return [](uint128_t state, uint128_t rkey, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t ark = state ^ rkey;
+                return ark;
+            };
+        case 0b10000: // VSM4R
+            throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported operation in get_crypto_funct");
+        case 0b10001: // VGMUL
+            return [](uint128_t vd, uint128_t vs2, uint128_t) {
+                uint128_t Y = brev8<uint128_t>(vd);
+                uint128_t H = brev8<uint128_t>(vs2);
+                uint128_t Z = 0;
+                for(size_t bit = 0; bit < 128; bit++) {
+                    if((Y >> bit) & 1)
+                        Z ^= H;
+                    bool reduce = (H >> 127) & 1;
+                    H = H << 1;
+                    if(reduce)
+                        H ^= 0x87;
+                }
+                uint128_t result = brev8<uint128_t>(Z);
+                return result;
+            };
+        default:
+            throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported operation in get_crypto_funct");
+        }
+    case 0b100000: // VSM3ME
+    case 0b100001: // VSM4K
+        throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported operation in get_crypto_funct");
+    case 0b100010: // VAESKF1
+        return [](uint128_t vd, uint128_t vs2, uint128_t r) {
+            auto extract_word = [](const uint128_t& value, int index) -> uint32_t {
+                return static_cast<uint32_t>((value >> (32 * index)) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
+            };
+
+            uint32_t k0 = (vs2 >> 32 * 0) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k1 = (vs2 >> 32 * 1) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k2 = (vs2 >> 32 * 2) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k3 = (vs2 >> 32 * 3) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t w0 = aes_subword_fwd(aes_rotword(k3)) ^ aes_decode_rcon(r) ^ k0;
+            uint32_t w1 = w0 ^ k1;
+            uint32_t w2 = w1 ^ k2;
+            uint32_t w3 = w2 ^ k3;
+            uint128_t result = (uint128_t(w3) << 96) | (uint128_t(w2) << 64) | (uint128_t(w1) << 32) | (uint128_t(w0));
+            return result;
+        };
+    case 0b101010: // VAESKF2
+        return [](uint128_t vd, uint128_t vs2, uint128_t r) {
+            uint32_t k0 = (vs2 >> 32 * 0) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k1 = (vs2 >> 32 * 1) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k2 = (vs2 >> 32 * 2) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t k3 = (vs2 >> 32 * 3) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t rkb0 = (vd >> 32 * 0) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t rkb1 = (vd >> 32 * 1) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t rkb2 = (vd >> 32 * 2) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t rkb3 = (vd >> 32 * 3) & std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+            uint32_t w0 = r & 1 ? aes_subword_fwd(k3) ^ rkb0 : aes_subword_fwd(aes_rotword(k3)) ^ aes_decode_rcon((r >> 1) - 1) ^ rkb0;
+            uint32_t w1 = w0 ^ rkb1;
+            uint32_t w2 = w1 ^ rkb2;
+            uint32_t w3 = w2 ^ rkb3;
+            uint128_t result = (uint128_t(w3) << 96) | (uint128_t(w2) << 64) | (uint128_t(w1) << 32) | (uint128_t(w0));
+            return result;
+        };
+    case 0b101011: // VSM3C
+        throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported operation in get_crypto_funct");
+    case 0b101100: // VGHSH
+        return [](uint128_t Y, uint128_t vs2, uint128_t X) {
+            auto H = brev8<uint128_t>(vs2);
+            uint128_t Z = 0;
+            uint128_t S = brev8<uint128_t>(Y ^ X);
+            for(size_t bit = 0; bit < 128; bit++) {
+                if((S >> bit) & 1)
+                    Z ^= H;
+                bool reduce = (H >> 127) & 1;
+                H = H << 1;
+                if(reduce)
+                    H ^= 0x87;
+            }
+            uint128_t result = brev8<uint128_t>(Z);
+            return result;
+        };
+    case 0b101101: // VSHA2MS
+    case 0b101110: // VSHA2CH
+    case 0b101111: // VSHA2CL
+    default:
+        throw new std::runtime_error("Unknown funct6 in get_crypto_funct");
+    }
+}
 } // namespace softvector

src/vm/vector_functions.h

@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <stdint.h>
 namespace softvector {
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+using int128_t = __int128;
+using uint128_t = unsigned __int128;
+#endif
 const unsigned RFS = 32;
 
 struct vtype_t {
@@ -70,9 +74,14 @@ struct vmask_view {
 };
 vmask_view read_vmask(uint8_t* V, uint16_t VLEN, uint16_t elem_count, uint8_t reg_idx = 0);
 template <unsigned VLEN> vmask_view read_vmask(uint8_t* V, uint16_t elem_count, uint8_t reg_idx = 0);
+std::function<uint128_t(uint128_t, uint128_t, uint128_t)> get_crypto_funct(unsigned funct6, unsigned vs1);
+
+template <typename dest_elem_t, typename src_elem_t = dest_elem_t> dest_elem_t brev(src_elem_t vs2);
+template <typename dest_elem_t, typename src_elem_t = dest_elem_t> dest_elem_t brev8(src_elem_t vs2);
 
 bool softvec_read(void* core, uint64_t addr, uint64_t length, uint8_t* data);
 bool softvec_write(void* core, uint64_t addr, uint64_t length, uint8_t* data);
+
 template <unsigned VLEN, typename eew_t>
 uint64_t vector_load_store(void* core, std::function<bool(void*, uint64_t, uint64_t, uint8_t*)> load_store_fn, uint8_t* V, uint64_t vl,
                            uint64_t vstart, vtype_t vtype, bool vm, uint8_t vd, uint64_t rs1, uint8_t segment_size, int64_t stride = 0,
@@ -167,6 +176,17 @@ void mask_fp_vector_vector_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t vl, uint64_t
 template <unsigned VLEN, typename elem_t>
 void mask_fp_vector_imm_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t vl, uint64_t vstart, vtype_t vtype, bool vm, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
                            elem_t imm, uint8_t rm);
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                          unsigned vs1);
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_scalar_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                          unsigned vs1);
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_imm_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                       uint8_t imm);
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS, typename elem_type_t>
+void vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2, unsigned vs1);
 } // namespace softvector
 #include "vm/vector_functions.hpp"
 #endif /* _VM_VECTOR_FUNCTIONS_H_ */

src/vm/vector_functions.hpp

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 //       alex@minres.com - initial API and implementation
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 #pragma once
+#include "iss/interp/vm_base.h"
 extern "C" {
 #include <softfloat.h>
 }
@@ -55,6 +56,14 @@ extern "C" {
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
 template <> struct std::make_signed<__uint128_t> { using type = __int128_t; };
 template <> struct std::make_signed<__int128_t> { using type = __int128_t; };
+// helper struct to make calling twice<T> on 128-bit datatypes legal at compile time
+struct poison128_t {
+    poison128_t() { throw std::runtime_error("Attempt to use twice<__uint128_t>::type at runtime"); }
+    poison128_t(const poison128_t&) { throw std::runtime_error("Copy of poison128_t is not allowed"); }
+    template <typename U> poison128_t(U) { throw std::runtime_error("Conversion to poison128_t is not allowed"); }
+    operator __uint128_t() const { throw std::runtime_error("Use of poison128_t as __uint128_t is not allowed"); }
+};
+template <> struct std::make_signed<poison128_t> { using type = poison128_t; };
 #endif
 
 namespace softvector {
@@ -108,6 +117,10 @@ template <> struct twice<uint32_t> { using type = uint64_t; };
 #ifdef __SIZEOF_INT128__
 template <> struct twice<int64_t> { using type = __int128_t; };
 template <> struct twice<uint64_t> { using type = __uint128_t; };
+
+template <> struct twice<__uint128_t> { using type = poison128_t; };
+template <> struct twice<__int128_t> { using type = poison128_t; };
+
 #endif
 template <class T> using twice_t = typename twice<T>::type; // for convenience
 template <typename TO, typename FROM> constexpr TO sext(FROM val) {
@@ -180,6 +193,8 @@ std::function<dest_elem_t(dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t)> get_funct(unsi
         switch(funct6) {
         case 0b000000: // VADD
             return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) { return vs2 + vs1; };
+        case 0b000001: // VANDN
+            return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) { return vs2 & ~vs1; };
         case 0b000010: // VSUB
             return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) { return vs2 - vs1; };
         case 0b000011: // VRSUB
@@ -205,6 +220,22 @@ std::function<dest_elem_t(dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t)> get_funct(unsi
                 return static_cast<std::make_signed_t<dest_elem_t>>(static_cast<std::make_signed_t<src2_elem_t>>(vs2) -
                                                                     static_cast<std::make_signed_t<src1_elem_t>>(vs1));
             };
+        case 0b010100: // VROR
+            return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
+                constexpr dest_elem_t bits = sizeof(src2_elem_t) * 8;
+                auto shamt = vs1 & shift_mask<src1_elem_t>();
+                return (vs2 >> shamt) | (vs2 << (bits - shamt));
+            };
+        case 0b010101: { // VROL
+            if(funct3 == OPIVI)
+                return get_funct<dest_elem_t>(0b010100, funct3);
+            else
+                return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
+                    constexpr dest_elem_t bits = sizeof(src2_elem_t) * 8;
+                    auto shamt = vs1 & shift_mask<src1_elem_t>();
+                    return (vs2 << shamt) | (vs2 >> (bits - shamt));
+                };
+        }
         case 0b100101: // VSLL
             return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) { return vs2 << (vs1 & shift_mask<src2_elem_t>()); };
         case 0b101000: // VSRL
@@ -219,6 +250,10 @@ std::function<dest_elem_t(dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t)> get_funct(unsi
             return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
                 return static_cast<std::make_signed_t<src2_elem_t>>(vs2) >> (vs1 & shift_mask<src2_elem_t>());
             };
+        case 0b110101: // VWSLL
+            return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(vs2) << (vs1 & (shift_mask<dest_elem_t>()));
+            };
         default:
             throw new std::runtime_error("Unknown funct6 in get_funct");
         }
@@ -328,6 +363,24 @@ std::function<dest_elem_t(dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t)> get_funct(unsi
             return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
                 return sext<dest_elem_t>(vs1) * static_cast<dest_elem_t>(vs2) + vd;
             };
+        case 0b001100: // VCLMUL
+            return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
+                dest_elem_t output = 0;
+                for(size_t i = 0; i <= sizeof(dest_elem_t) * 8 - 1; i++) {
+                    if((vs2 >> i) & 1)
+                        output = output ^ (vs1 << i);
+                }
+                return output;
+            };
+        case 0b001101: // VCLMULH
+            return [](dest_elem_t vd, src2_elem_t vs2, src1_elem_t vs1) {
+                dest_elem_t output = 0;
+                for(size_t i = 1; i < sizeof(dest_elem_t) * 8; i++) {
+                    if((vs2 >> i) & 1)
+                        output = output ^ (vs1 >> (sizeof(dest_elem_t) * 8 - i));
+                }
+                return output;
+            };
         default:
             throw new std::runtime_error("Unknown funct6 in get_funct");
         }
@@ -364,11 +417,10 @@ void vector_imm_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, unsigned funct3, uint64_t vl, ui
     auto fn = get_funct<dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t>(funct6, funct3);
     for(size_t idx = vstart; idx < vl; idx++) {
         bool mask_active = vm ? 1 : mask_reg[idx];
-        if(mask_active) {
+        if(mask_active)
             vd_view[idx] = fn(vd_view[idx], vs2_view[idx], imm);
-        } else {
+        else if(vtype.vma())
-            vd_view[idx] = vtype.vma() ? vd_view[idx] : vd_view[idx];
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
-        }
     }
     if(vtype.vta())
         for(size_t idx = vl; idx < vlmax; idx++)
@@ -535,6 +587,79 @@ std::function<dest_elem_t(src2_elem_t)> get_unary_fn(unsigned unary_op) {
     case 0b00100: // VZEXT.VF4
     case 0b00010: // VZEXT.VF8
         return [](src2_elem_t vs2) { return vs2; };
+    case 0b01000: // VBREV8
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) { return brev8<dest_elem_t>(vs2); };
+    case 0b01001: // VREV8
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) {
+            constexpr unsigned byte_count = sizeof(src2_elem_t);
+            dest_elem_t result = 0;
+            for(size_t i = 0; i < byte_count; ++i) {
+                result <<= 8;
+                result |= (vs2 & 0xFF);
+                vs2 >>= 8;
+            }
+            return result;
+        };
+    case 0b01010: // VBREV
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) { return brev<dest_elem_t>(vs2); };
+    case 0b01100: // VCLZ
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) {
+            if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned int>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_clz(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_clzl(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_clzll(vs2));
+            else {
+                constexpr dest_elem_t bits = sizeof(src2_elem_t) * 8;
+                if(vs2 == 0)
+                    return bits;
+                dest_elem_t count = 0;
+                for(size_t i = bits - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                    if((vs2 >> i) & 1)
+                        break;
+                    ++count;
+                }
+                return count;
+            }
+        };
+    case 0b01101: // VCTZ
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) {
+            if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned int>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_ctz(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_ctzl(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_ctzll(vs2));
+            else {
+                constexpr dest_elem_t bits = sizeof(src2_elem_t) * 8;
+                if(vs2 == 0)
+                    return bits;
+                dest_elem_t count = 0;
+                while((vs2 & 1) == 0) {
+                    ++count;
+                    vs2 >>= 1;
+                }
+                return count;
+            }
+        };
+    case 0b01110: // VCPOP
+        return [](src2_elem_t vs2) {
+            if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned int>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_popcount(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_popcountl(vs2));
+            else if(std::is_same_v<src2_elem_t, unsigned long long>)
+                return static_cast<dest_elem_t>(__builtin_popcountll(vs2));
+            else {
+                dest_elem_t count = 0;
+                while(vs2) {
+                    count += vs2 & 1;
+                    vs2 >>= 1;
+                }
+                return count;
+            }
+        };
     default:
         throw new std::runtime_error("Unknown funct in get_unary_fn");
     }
@@ -550,8 +675,8 @@ void vector_unary_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned unary_op, uint64_t vl, uint64_t vstart
         bool mask_active = vm ? 1 : mask_reg[idx];
         if(mask_active)
             vd_view[idx] = fn(vs2_view[idx]);
-        else
+        else if(vtype.vma())
-            vd_view[idx] = vtype.vma() ? vd_view[idx] : vd_view[idx];
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
     }
     if(vtype.vta())
         for(size_t idx = vl; idx < vlmax; idx++)
@@ -774,11 +899,10 @@ bool sat_vector_vector_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, unsigned funct3, uint64_t
     auto fn = get_sat_funct<dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t>(funct6, funct3);
     for(size_t idx = vstart; idx < vl; idx++) {
         bool mask_active = vm ? 1 : mask_reg[idx];
-        if(mask_active) {
+        if(mask_active)
             saturated |= fn(vxrm, vtype, vd_view[idx], vs2_view[idx], vs1_view[idx]);
-        } else {
+        else if(vtype.vma())
-            vd_view[idx] = vtype.vma() ? vd_view[idx] : vd_view[idx];
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
-        }
     }
     if(vtype.vta())
         for(size_t idx = vl; idx < vlmax; idx++) {
@@ -797,11 +921,10 @@ bool sat_vector_imm_op(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, unsigned funct3, uint64_t vl
     auto fn = get_sat_funct<dest_elem_t, src2_elem_t, src1_elem_t>(funct6, funct3);
     for(size_t idx = vstart; idx < vl; idx++) {
         bool mask_active = vm ? 1 : mask_reg[idx];
-        if(mask_active) {
+        if(mask_active)
             saturated |= fn(vxrm, vtype, vd_view[idx], vs2_view[idx], imm);
-        } else {
+        else if(vtype.vma())
-            vd_view[idx] = vtype.vma() ? vd_view[idx] : vd_view[idx];
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
-        }
     }
     if(vtype.vta())
         for(size_t idx = vl; idx < vlmax; idx++) {
@@ -1939,4 +2062,221 @@ template <unsigned VLEN> void vector_whole_move(uint8_t* V, unsigned vd, unsigne
     memcpy(vd_view.start, vs2_view.start, VLEN / 8 * count);
 }
 
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                          unsigned vs1) {
+    uint64_t vlmax = VLEN * vtype.lmul() / (vtype.sew() * EGS);
+    auto vs1_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vs1, vlmax);
+    auto vs2_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vs2, vlmax);
+    auto vd_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vd, vlmax);
+    auto fn = get_crypto_funct(funct6, vs1);
+    for(size_t idx = eg_start; idx < eg_len; idx++) {
+        vd_view[idx] = fn(vd_view[idx], vs2_view[idx], vs1_view[idx]);
+    }
+    if(vtype.vta())
+        for(size_t idx = eg_len; idx < vlmax; idx++)
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
+}
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_scalar_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                          unsigned vs1) {
+    uint64_t vlmax = VLEN * vtype.lmul() / (vtype.sew() * EGS);
+    auto vs2_val = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vs2, vlmax)[0];
+    auto vd_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vd, vlmax);
+    auto fn = get_crypto_funct(funct6, vs1);
+    for(size_t idx = eg_start; idx < eg_len; idx++) {
+        vd_view[idx] = fn(vd_view[idx], vs2_val, -1);
+    }
+    if(vtype.vta())
+        for(size_t idx = eg_len; idx < vlmax; idx++)
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
+}
+
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS>
+void vector_imm_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                       uint8_t imm) {
+    uint64_t vlmax = VLEN * vtype.lmul() / (vtype.sew() * EGS);
+    auto vs2_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vs2, vlmax);
+    auto vd_view = get_vreg<VLEN, uint128_t>(V, vd, vlmax);
+    auto fn = get_crypto_funct(funct6, -1);
+    for(size_t idx = eg_start; idx < eg_len; idx++) {
+        vd_view[idx] = fn(vd_view[idx], vs2_view[idx], imm);
+    }
+    if(vtype.vta())
+        for(size_t idx = eg_len; idx < vlmax; idx++)
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
+}
+template <typename T> T rotr(T x, unsigned n) {
+    assert(n < sizeof(T) * 8);
+    return (x >> n) | (x << (sizeof(T) * 8 - n));
+}
+template <typename T> T shr(T x, unsigned n) {
+    assert(n < sizeof(T) * 8);
+    return (x >> n);
+}
+template <typename T> T sum0(T);
+template <> inline uint32_t sum0(uint32_t x) { return rotr(x, 2) ^ rotr(x, 13) ^ rotr(x, 22); }
+template <> inline uint64_t sum0(uint64_t x) { return rotr(x, 28) ^ rotr(x, 34) ^ rotr(x, 39); }
+template <typename T> T sum1(T);
+template <> inline uint32_t sum1(uint32_t x) { return rotr(x, 6) ^ rotr(x, 11) ^ rotr(x, 25); }
+template <> inline uint64_t sum1(uint64_t x) { return rotr(x, 14) ^ rotr(x, 18) ^ rotr(x, 41); }
+template <typename T> T ch(T x, T y, T z) { return ((x & y) ^ ((~x) & z)); }
+template <typename T> T maj(T x, T y, T z) { return ((x & y) ^ (x & z) ^ (y & z)); }
+template <typename T> T sig0(T);
+template <> inline uint32_t sig0(uint32_t x) { return rotr(x, 7) ^ rotr(x, 18) ^ shr(x, 3); }
+template <> inline uint64_t sig0(uint64_t x) { return rotr(x, 1) ^ rotr(x, 8) ^ shr(x, 7); }
+template <typename T> T sig1(T);
+template <> inline uint32_t sig1(uint32_t x) { return rotr(x, 17) ^ rotr(x, 19) ^ shr(x, 10); }
+template <> inline uint64_t sig1(uint64_t x) { return rotr(x, 19) ^ rotr(x, 61) ^ shr(x, 6); }
+template <typename T> std::function<void(vreg_view<T>&, vreg_view<T>&, vreg_view<T>&)> get_crypto_funct(unsigned int funct6) {
+    switch(funct6) {
+    case 0b101110: // VSHA2CH
+        return [](vreg_view<T>& vd_view, vreg_view<T>& vs2_view, vreg_view<T>& vs1_view) {
+            T a = vs2_view[3];
+            T b = vs2_view[2];
+            T c = vd_view[3];
+            T d = vd_view[2];
+            T e = vs2_view[1];
+            T f = vs2_view[0];
+            T g = vd_view[1];
+            T h = vd_view[0];
+            T W0 = vs1_view[2];
+            T W1 = vs1_view[3];
+            T T1 = h + sum1(e) + ch(e, f, g) + W0;
+            T T2 = sum0(a) + maj(a, b, c);
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = d + T1;
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = T1 + T2;
+            T1 = h + sum1(e) + ch(e, f, g) + W1;
+            T2 = sum0(a) + maj(a, b, c);
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = d + T1;
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = T1 + T2;
+            vd_view[0] = f;
+            vd_view[1] = e;
+            vd_view[2] = b;
+            vd_view[3] = a;
+        };
+    case 0b101111: // VSHA2CL
+        return [](vreg_view<T>& vd_view, vreg_view<T>& vs2_view, vreg_view<T>& vs1_view) {
+            T a = vs2_view[3];
+            T b = vs2_view[2];
+            T c = vd_view[3];
+            T d = vd_view[2];
+            T e = vs2_view[1];
+            T f = vs2_view[0];
+            T g = vd_view[1];
+            T h = vd_view[0];
+            T W0 = vs1_view[0];
+            T W1 = vs1_view[1];
+            T T1 = h + sum1(e) + ch(e, f, g) + W0;
+            T T2 = sum0(a) + maj(a, b, c);
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = d + T1;
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = T1 + T2;
+            T1 = h + sum1(e) + ch(e, f, g) + W1;
+            T2 = sum0(a) + maj(a, b, c);
+            h = g;
+            g = f;
+            f = e;
+            e = d + T1;
+            d = c;
+            c = b;
+            b = a;
+            a = T1 + T2;
+            vd_view[0] = f;
+            vd_view[1] = e;
+            vd_view[2] = b;
+            vd_view[3] = a;
+        };
+    case 0b101101: // VSHA2MS
+        return [](vreg_view<T>& vd_view, vreg_view<T>& vs2_view, vreg_view<T>& vs1_view) {
+            T W0 = vd_view[0];
+            T W1 = vd_view[1];
+            T W2 = vd_view[2];
+            T W3 = vd_view[3];
+
+            T W4 = vs2_view[0];
+            T W9 = vs2_view[1];
+            T W10 = vs2_view[2];
+            T W11 = vs2_view[3];
+
+            T W12 = vs1_view[0];
+            T W13 = vs1_view[1];
+            T W14 = vs1_view[2];
+            T W15 = vs1_view[3];
+
+            T W16 = sig1(W14) + W9 + sig0(W1) + W0;
+            T W17 = sig1(W15) + W10 + sig0(W2) + W1;
+            T W18 = sig1(W16) + W11 + sig0(W3) + W2;
+            T W19 = sig1(W17) + W12 + sig0(W4) + W3;
+
+            vd_view[0] = W16;
+            vd_view[1] = W17;
+            vd_view[2] = W18;
+            vd_view[3] = W19;
+        };
+    default:
+        throw new std::runtime_error("Unsupported operation in get_crypto_funct");
+    }
+}
+template <unsigned VLEN, unsigned EGS, typename elem_type_t>
+void vector_crypto(uint8_t* V, unsigned funct6, uint64_t eg_len, uint64_t eg_start, vtype_t vtype, unsigned vd, unsigned vs2,
+                   unsigned vs1) {
+    auto fn = get_crypto_funct<elem_type_t>(funct6);
+    auto vd_view = get_vreg<VLEN, elem_type_t>(V, vd, EGS);
+    auto vs2_view = get_vreg<VLEN, elem_type_t>(V, vs2, EGS);
+    auto vs1_view = get_vreg<VLEN, elem_type_t>(V, vs1, EGS);
+    for(size_t idx = eg_start; idx < eg_len; idx++) {
+        fn(vd_view, vs2_view, vs1_view);
+        // We cannot use views in case EGW < VLEN, as views can only address the start of a register
+        vd_view.start += EGS * sizeof(elem_type_t);
+        vs2_view.start += EGS * sizeof(elem_type_t);
+        vs1_view.start += EGS * sizeof(elem_type_t);
+    }
+    if(vtype.vta()) {
+        uint64_t vlmax = VLEN * vtype.lmul() / (vtype.sew());
+        auto vd_view = get_vreg<VLEN, elem_type_t>(V, vd, vlmax);
+        for(size_t idx = eg_len * EGS; idx < vlmax; idx++)
+            vd_view[idx] = agnostic_behavior(vd_view[idx]);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename dest_elem_t, typename src_elem_t> dest_elem_t brev(src_elem_t vs2) {
+    constexpr dest_elem_t bits = sizeof(src_elem_t) * 8;
+    dest_elem_t result = 0;
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < bits; ++i) {
+        result <<= 1;
+        result |= (vs2 & 1);
+        vs2 >>= 1;
+    }
+    return result;
+};
+template <typename dest_elem_t, typename src_elem_t> dest_elem_t brev8(src_elem_t vs2) {
+    constexpr unsigned byte_count = sizeof(src_elem_t);
+    dest_elem_t result = 0;
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < byte_count; ++i) {
+        dest_elem_t byte = (vs2 >> (i * 8)) & 0xFF;
+        byte = ((byte & 0xF0) >> 4) | ((byte & 0x0F) << 4);
+        byte = ((byte & 0xCC) >> 2) | ((byte & 0x33) << 2);
+        byte = ((byte & 0xAA) >> 1) | ((byte & 0x55) << 1);
+        result |= byte << (i * 8);
+    }
+    return result;
+};
 } // namespace softvector